Module: Sessions::Adapters::Warden

Defined in:
lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb

Overview

The Devise/Warden adapter — four class-level Warden hooks, registered from the engine ONLY when ‘::Warden::Manager` is already loaded (Bundler.require precedes initializers, so the check is decisive; the gem never `require`s warden itself and stays inert in non-Warden apps).

The revocation mechanism generalizes devise-security’s proven ‘session_limitable` (a complete 55-line template whose only structural flaw is one-token-per-user): the token moves from a users-table column to a sessions-table ROW, turning “exactly one session” into “N devices, each individually revocable” (→ docs/research/04-devise-warden.md §5).

login  — mint a random token, store [row_id, raw_token] in the
         per-scope warden session (it survives Warden's :renew SID
         rotation and is deleted by Warden itself on logout; we
         never key on the Rack SID), persist only the SHA-256
         digest on the row.
fetch  — per-request liveness check: row exists + digest matches
         (constant-time) → throttled touch; row gone (revoked!) →
         the proven session_limitable kick: clear, logout, throw.
failure — record the failed attempt with the typed identity.
logout — destroy the row, labeled as a logout.

Constant Summary collapse

SESSION_KEY =

Key inside ‘warden.session(scope)` holding [row_id, raw_token].

"sessions"
PENDING_LOGIN_KEY =

Rememberable can restore a user on background/native JSON requests before the browser/WebView has actually navigated. Defer the row until a document request can name the user-visible device.

"sessions.pending_login"
SKIP_SESSION_KEY =

Sticky per-scope flag: a login recorded with ‘sessions_skip: true` must not be kicked by the fetch validation later (session_limitable’s third skip layer).

"sessions.skip"
SKIP_ENV_KEY =

Request-wide skip: ‘request.env = true`.

"sessions.skip"
THROW_MESSAGE =

The ‘throw :warden` message on revoked sessions — Devise’s failure app surfaces it like :timeout/:session_limited. The gem SHIPS the ‘devise.failure.session_revoked` copy (en + es, config/locales/); hosts override that key for custom wording.

:session_revoked

Class Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.activate_pending_login(record, warden, scope, pending_login) ⇒ Object 



246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 246

def (record, warden, scope, )
  Sessions.safely("warden.pending_login") do
    next unless row_accepts?(record)
    next unless document_request?(warden.request)

    if (row = pending_existing_row(record, warden, scope, ))
      attach_existing_row(row, warden, scope)
      warden.session(scope).delete(PENDING_LOGIN_KEY)
      next row
    end

    row = create_row_for(record, warden, scope, attributes: ())
    warden.session(scope).delete(PENDING_LOGIN_KEY)
    row
  end
end

.adopt_preexisting_session(record, warden, scope) ⇒ Object

A session that predates the gem (no token in the warden session): adopt it so existing logged-in users appear on their devices page right after deploy — a row is minted with ‘auth_method: “unknown”` and NO login event (adoption isn’t a login; the trail stays honest). Never kicks anyone: adoption failures degrade to “untracked”.



220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 220

def adopt_preexisting_session(record, warden, scope)
  Sessions.safely("warden.adopt") do
    next unless row_accepts?(record)
    next unless document_request?(warden.request)

    # IDEMPOTENT, because a client that can't persist cookies re-enters
    # adoption on EVERY request: the SESSION_KEY we write rides a
    # Set-Cookie the client drops, so the next request adopts again.
    #
    # Adoption is intentionally coarse: it is a low-fidelity marker for
    # "this owner already had an authenticated session when the gem
    # arrived", not a real login. One owner+scope marker is enough. Do
    # not key it on UA (Hotwire Native devices legitimately use WebView
    # and native-client UAs) or time (cookie-dropping clients would mint
    # one per day forever). When the adoption_key column is present, the
    # unique index makes the first concurrent burst atomic.
    adoption_key = adoption_key_for(record, scope)
    if (row = adopted_row(record, scope, adoption_key: adoption_key))
      Sessions.safely("warden.adopt.touch") { row.touch_last_seen!(warden.request) }
      next
    end

    create_adopted_row(record, warden, scope, adoption_key: adoption_key)
  end
end

.adopted_row(record, scope, adoption_key:) ⇒ Object 



387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 387

def adopted_row(record, scope, adoption_key:)
  model = Sessions.session_model
  rows = model.where(user: record)
  rows = rows.where(scope: scope.to_s) if model.column_names.include?("scope")

  row = model.find_by(adoption_key: adoption_key) if adoption_key_column?(model) && adoption_key.present?
  row = nil unless adopted_row?(row)
  row ||= rows.order(created_at: :desc).detect { |candidate| adopted_row?(candidate) }

  claim_adoption_key(row, adoption_key)
end

.adopted_row?(row) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


399
400
401
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 399

def adopted_row?(row)
  row && row.try(:auth_detail).to_h["adopted"]
end

.adoption_key_column?(model = Sessions.session_model) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


428
429
430
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 428

def adoption_key_column?(model = Sessions.session_model)
  model.column_names.include?("adoption_key")
end

.adoption_key_for(record, scope) ⇒ Object 



415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 415

def adoption_key_for(record, scope)
  owner_id = record.respond_to?(:to_key) ? Array(record.to_key).join("/") : record.try(:id)
  return if owner_id.blank?

  owner_type = if record.class.respond_to?(:polymorphic_name)
                 record.class.polymorphic_name
               else
                 record.class.name
               end

  "adopt:#{Sessions.token_digest([owner_type, owner_id, scope.to_s].join("\0"))}"
end

.attach_existing_row(row, warden, scope) ⇒ Object 



310
311
312
313
314
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 310

def attach_existing_row(row, warden, scope)
  warden.session(scope)[SESSION_KEY] = [row.id, nil]
  Sessions.safely("warden.remembered_existing.touch") { row.touch_last_seen!(warden.request) }
  row
end

.claim_adoption_key(row, adoption_key) ⇒ Object 



403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 403

def claim_adoption_key(row, adoption_key)
  return row unless row
  return row unless adoption_key_column?(row.class)
  return row if adoption_key.blank? || row.try(:adoption_key).present?

  row.update_columns(adoption_key: adoption_key)
  row.adoption_key = adoption_key
  row
rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
  row.class.find_by(adoption_key: adoption_key) || row
end

.create_adopted_row(record, warden, scope, adoption_key:) ⇒ Object 



376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 376

def create_adopted_row(record, warden, scope, adoption_key:)
  attributes = { auth_detail: { "adopted" => true } }
  attributes[:adoption_key] = adoption_key if adoption_key_column?

  create_row_for(record, warden, scope, suppress_login_event: true, skip_supersede: true, attributes: attributes)
rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
  adopted_row(record, scope, adoption_key: adoption_key)&.tap do |row|
    Sessions.safely("warden.adopt.touch") { row.touch_last_seen!(warden.request) }
  end
end

.create_row_for(record, warden, scope, suppress_login_event: false, skip_supersede: false, attributes: {}) ⇒ Object 



128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 128

def create_row_for(record, warden, scope, suppress_login_event: false, skip_supersede: false, attributes: {})
  token = Sessions.generate_token
  request = warden.request
  model = Sessions.session_model

  row = model.new(
    user: record,
    scope: scope.to_s,
    ip_address: Sessions::IpAddress.resolve(request),
    user_agent: request.user_agent,
    token_digest: Sessions.token_digest(token)
  ).tap do |session|
    attributes.each do |column, value|
      session[column] = value if model.column_names.include?(column.to_s)
    end
  end
  row. = 
  row.sessions_skip_supersede = skip_supersede
  Sessions.with_request(request) { row.save! }

  warden.session(scope)[SESSION_KEY] = [row.id, token]
  row
end

.deferred_login_request?(request, auth) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


263
264
265
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 263

def (request, auth)
  remembered_login?(auth) && !document_request?(request)
end

.device_id_from_request(request) ⇒ Object 



330
331
332
333
334
335
336
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 330

def device_id_from_request(request)
  return unless request.respond_to?(:cookie_jar)

  request.cookie_jar.signed[Sessions::DEVICE_COOKIE].presence
rescue StandardError
  nil
end

.document_request?(request) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 338

def document_request?(request)
  return true unless request
  return false if non_document_path?(request)

  accept = request_header(request, "HTTP_ACCEPT").to_s
  return true if accept.empty? || accept == "*/*"
  return true if accept.match?(%r{\btext/html\b|\bapplication/xhtml\+xml\b|\btext/vnd\.turbo-stream\.html\b})
  return false if accept.match?(%r{\b(?:application|text)/(?:[\w.+-]+\+)?json\b})
  return false if request_header(request, "HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH").to_s.casecmp("XMLHttpRequest").zero?

  if request.respond_to?(:format)
    format = request.format
    return true if format.respond_to?(:html?) && format.html?
    return false if format.respond_to?(:json?) && format.json?
  end

  true
rescue StandardError
  true
end

.existing_row_session?(row, record, scope, request) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 316

def existing_row_session?(row, record, scope, request)
  return false unless row

  device_id = device_id_from_request(request)
  return false if device_id.blank?
  return false unless row.try(:device_id) == device_id
  return false unless row.user == record
  return false if row.respond_to?(:scope) && row.scope.present? && row.scope != scope.to_s

  true
rescue StandardError
  false
end

.install! ⇒ Object 



51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 51

def install!
  return if @installed

  @installed = true

  ::Warden::Manager.after_set_user(except: :fetch) do |record, warden, opts|
    Sessions::Adapters::Warden.(record, warden, opts)
  end

  ::Warden::Manager.after_set_user(only: :fetch) do |record, warden, opts|
    Sessions::Adapters::Warden.validate_session(record, warden, opts)
  end

  ::Warden::Manager.before_failure do |env, opts|
    Sessions::Adapters::Warden.record_failure(env, opts)
  end

  ::Warden::Manager.before_logout do |record, warden, opts|
    Sessions::Adapters::Warden.record_logout(record, warden, opts)
  end
end

.installed? ⇒ Boolean

Test seam.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


74
75
76
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 74

def installed?
  !!@installed
end

.kick!(warden, scope) ⇒ Object

SCOPE-PRECISE teardown: only this scope’s warden entries go (the serialized user key and our token stash) — an admin scope riding the same rack session, and unrelated host session data (carts, locale, return-to paths), survive a user-scope kick. Deleting the keys BEFORE logout matters: our before_logout hook then finds no token and records nothing (a kick is not a logout — the revocation event was already written by whoever destroyed the row).



439
440
441
442
443
444
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 439

def kick!(warden, scope)
  warden.raw_session.delete("warden.user.#{scope}.key")
  warden.raw_session.delete("warden.user.#{scope}.session")
  warden.logout(scope)
  throw :warden, scope: scope, message: THROW_MESSAGE
end

.login_auth_attributes(auth) ⇒ Object 



278
279
280
281
282
283
284
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 278

def (auth)
  {
    auth_method: auth[:method],
    auth_provider: auth[:provider],
    auth_detail: auth[:detail].presence
  }.compact
end

.non_document_path?(request) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 359

def non_document_path?(request)
  path = if request.respond_to?(:path)
           request.path
         elsif request.respond_to?(:path_info)
           request.path_info
         end
  File.extname(path.to_s).delete(".").casecmp("json").zero?
end

.pending_existing_row(record, warden, scope, pending_login) ⇒ Object 



292
293
294
295
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 292

def pending_existing_row(record, warden, scope, )
  auth = { detail: .to_h["auth_detail"] || {} }
  remembered_existing_row(record, warden, scope, auth)
end

.pending_login_attributes(attributes) ⇒ Object 



286
287
288
289
290
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 286

def (attributes)
  attributes.to_h.slice("auth_method", "auth_provider", "auth_detail")
rescue StandardError
  {}
end

.record_failure(env, opts) ⇒ Object

— Hook 3: failed logins ————————————————



448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 448

def record_failure(env, opts)
  Sessions.safely("warden.failure") do
    next unless Sessions.config.track_failed_logins
    next if env[SKIP_ENV_KEY]

    request = ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
    # `before_failure` fires for EVERY warden failure, including plain
    # unauthenticated page-hits and timeouts. A real credential
    # failure is a POST carrying the scope's credentials hash
    # (→ research/04 §3). The password key is never read.
    next unless request.post?

    # Devise passes scope: explicitly in auth_options; a bare
    # `warden.authenticate!` throws opts WITHOUT it — fall back to the
    # stack's default scope, like Warden itself does.
    scope = opts[:scope] || warden_default_scope(env)
    credentials = request.params[scope.to_s]
    next unless credentials.is_a?(Hash)

    # `email_address` included: it's the omakase-era key, and Devise
    # apps configure `authentication_keys = [:email_address]` too.
    identity = credentials.values_at("email", "email_address", "login", "username", "phone").compact.first

    Sessions::Event.record_failure(
      request,
      scope: scope,
      identity: identity,
      # Devise's message symbol, verbatim — under paranoid mode this
      # stays :invalid; we never infer (or leak) account existence.
      reason: opts[:message],
      metadata: { attempted_path: opts[:attempted_path] }.compact
    )
  end
end

.record_login(record, warden, opts) ⇒ Object

— Hook 1: any fresh login (form, remember-me, OmniAuth, sign-up auto-login, post-password-reset) —————————————-



85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 85

def (record, warden, opts)
  Sessions.safely("warden.login") do
    scope = opts[:scope]
    # Guard set lifted from Devise's own hooks. The `store: false`
    # check is CRITICAL: token/HTTP-Basic strategies fire this hook on
    # EVERY request with store: false — without it we'd mint a session
    # row per API call.
    next unless warden.authenticated?(scope)
    next if opts[:store] == false
    next if warden.request.env[SKIP_ENV_KEY]
    next if record.respond_to?(:sessions_skip?) && record.sessions_skip?
    # Reauthentication (sudo-style confirms) re-runs sign_in
    # MID-SESSION — devise-passkeys' `reauthenticate` calls
    # `sign_in(..., event: :passkey_reauthentication)` (see its
    # controllers/reauthentication_controller_concern.rb), which fires
    # after_set_user like any login. That's the same person proving
    # presence on an already-tracked session, not a new device:
    # minting a row here would orphan the live one mid-request.
    next if opts[:event].to_s.match?(/reauth/i)

    if opts[:sessions_skip]
      warden.session(scope)[SKIP_SESSION_KEY] = true
      next
    end

    next unless row_accepts?(record)

    auth = Sessions::Classifier.classify(warden.request)
    if (warden.request, auth)
      (warden, scope, auth)
      next
    end

    if (row = remembered_existing_row(record, warden, scope, auth))
      attach_existing_row(row, warden, scope)
      next
    end

    warden.session(scope).delete(PENDING_LOGIN_KEY)
    create_row_for(record, warden, scope)
  end
end

.record_logout(_record, warden, opts) ⇒ Object

Fires once per scope (including forced logouts: timeout, lockout, our own revocation kick). If the row is already gone — revoked from another device — there’s nothing to do; the ‘revoked` event was written by whoever destroyed it.

CRITICAL: read the RAW session here, never ‘warden.session(scope)`. Warden’s logout deletes ‘@users` BEFORE running before_logout callbacks (proxy.rb#logout), so Proxy#session’s authenticated? check would re-deserialize the user → re-fire after_set_user → and when the logout came from a hook that logs out and throws (Devise’s activatable on unconfirmed/locked accounts, timeoutable) that loops: activatable → logout → us → re-auth → activatable → … SystemStackError.



497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 497

def record_logout(_record, warden, opts)
  Sessions.safely("warden.logout") do
    scope = opts[:scope]
    data = warden.raw_session["warden.user.#{scope}.session"]&.dig(SESSION_KEY)
    next unless data

    id, token = data
    row = Sessions.session_model.find_by(id: id)
    next unless row&.sessions_token_matches?(token)

    row.revocation_reason ||= :logout
    row.destroy
  end
end

.remembered_existing_row(record, warden, scope, auth) ⇒ Object 



297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 297

def remembered_existing_row(record, warden, scope, auth)
  return unless remembered_login?(auth)

  device_id = device_id_from_request(warden.request)
  return if device_id.blank?

  rows = Sessions.session_model.where(user: record, device_id: device_id)
  rows = rows.where(scope: scope.to_s) if Sessions.session_model.column_names.include?("scope")
  rows.order(created_at: :desc).first
rescue StandardError
  nil
end

.remembered_login?(auth) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


267
268
269
270
271
272
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 267

def remembered_login?(auth)
  detail = auth[:detail].to_h
  detail["remembered"] || detail[:remembered]
rescue StandardError
  false
end

.request_header(request, key) ⇒ Object 



368
369
370
371
372
373
374
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 368

def request_header(request, key)
  if request.respond_to?(:get_header)
    request.get_header(key)
  elsif request.respond_to?(:env)
    request.env[key]
  end
end

.reset_installation! ⇒ Object 



78
79
80
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 78

def reset_installation!
  @installed = false
end

.row_accepts?(record) ⇒ Boolean

Multi-scope safety: with a plain (non-polymorphic) ‘user` association, rows can only hold the matching class — a second Devise scope on another model stays silently untracked (re-run the install generator with –polymorphic to track every scope).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 523

def row_accepts?(record)
  reflection = Sessions.session_model.reflect_on_association(:user)
  return false unless reflection
  return true if reflection.polymorphic?

  record.is_a?(reflection.klass)
rescue StandardError
  false
end

.stash_pending_login(warden, scope, auth) ⇒ Object 



274
275
276
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 274

def (warden, scope, auth)
  warden.session(scope)[PENDING_LOGIN_KEY] = (auth).transform_keys(&:to_s)
end

.validate_session(record, warden, opts) ⇒ Object

— Hook 2: per-request resume — validate, expire, touch —————



154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 154

def validate_session(record, warden, opts)
  scope = opts[:scope]
  return if opts[:store] == false
  return if warden.request.env[SKIP_ENV_KEY]
  return if record.respond_to?(:sessions_skip?) && record.sessions_skip?

  data = Sessions.safely("warden.fetch") do
    session_data = warden.session(scope)
    next :skip if session_data[SKIP_SESSION_KEY]

    {
      login: session_data[SESSION_KEY],
      pending_login: session_data[PENDING_LOGIN_KEY]
    }
  end
  return if data == :skip

  session_token = data && data[:login]
  if session_token.nil?
    if data && data[:pending_login]
      (record, warden, scope, data[:pending_login])
    else
      adopt_preexisting_session(record, warden, scope)
    end
    return
  end

  # The lookup is NOT wrapped in `safely`: an ERRORED lookup and a
  # MISSING row must be distinguishable. A row that's genuinely gone
  # (or a token that doesn't match) means revocation → kick. A raised
  # lookup — the sessions table unreachable, a timeout, a migration
  # mid-deploy — means the TRACKING layer is down, and tracking must
  # never break authentication: fail OPEN, let the request through
  # untracked, try again next request.
  begin
    id, token = session_token
    found = Sessions.session_model.find_by(id: id)
    row = if found&.sessions_token_matches?(token)
            found
          elsif token.nil? && existing_row_session?(found, record, scope, warden.request)
            found
          end
  rescue StandardError => e
    Sessions.warn("warden.fetch failed open: #{e.class}: #{e.message}")
    return
  end

  if row.nil?
    # Revoked (the row is gone) or tampered (digest mismatch): the
    # proven session_limitable sequence — log the scope out and hand
    # control to the failure app. NOT wrapped in `safely`: the throw
    # is control flow, not an error.
    kick!(warden, scope)
  elsif Sessions.safely("warden.expired?") { row.sessions_expired? }
    Sessions.safely("warden.expire") { row.revoke!(reason: :expired) }
    kick!(warden, scope)
  else
    Sessions.safely("warden.touch") { row.touch_last_seen!(warden.request) }
  end
end

.warden_default_scope(env) ⇒ Object 



512
513
514
515
516
517
 
# File 'lib/sessions/adapters/warden.rb', line 512

def warden_default_scope(env)
  warden = env["warden"]
  warden.respond_to?(:config) ? warden.config.default_scope : nil
rescue StandardError
  nil
end