Class: Excon::Connection

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Includes:
Utils
Defined in:
lib/excon/connection.rb

Constant Summary

Constants included from Utils

Utils::CONTROL, Utils::DELIMS, Utils::ESCAPED, Utils::NONASCII, Utils::UNESCAPED, Utils::UNWISE

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from Utils

binary_encode, connection_uri, default_port?, escape_uri, headers_hash_to_s, port_string, query_string, redact, request_uri, split_header_value, unescape_form, unescape_uri

Constructor Details

#initialize(params = {}) ⇒ Connection

Initializes a new Connection instance

Parameters:

  • params (Hash<Symbol, >) (defaults to: {}) —

    One or more optional params

Options Hash (params):

  • :body (String) —

    Default text to be sent over a socket. Only used if :body absent in Connection#request params

  • :headers (Hash<Symbol, String>) —

    The default headers to supply in a request. Only used if params is not supplied to Connection#request

  • :host (String) —

    The destination host’s reachable DNS name or IP, in the form of a String. IPv6 addresses must be wrapped (e.g. [::1]). See URI#host.

  • :hostname (String) —

    Same as host, but usable for socket connections. IPv6 addresses must not be wrapped (e.g. ::1). See URI#hostname.

  • :path (String) —

    Default path; appears after ‘scheme://host:port/’. Only used if params is not supplied to Connection#request

  • :port (Fixnum) —

    The port on which to connect, to the destination host

  • :query (Hash) —

    Default query; appended to the ‘scheme://host:port/path/’ in the form of ‘?key=value’. Will only be used if params is not supplied to Connection#request

  • :scheme (String) —

    The protocol; ‘https’ causes OpenSSL to be used

  • :socket (String) —

    The path to the unix socket (required for ‘unix://’ connections)

  • :ciphers (String) —

    Only use the specified SSL/TLS cipher suites; use OpenSSL cipher spec format e.g. ‘HIGH:!aNULL:!3DES’ or ‘AES256-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA’

  • :proxy (String) —

    Proxy server; e.g. ‘myproxy.com:8888’

  • :retry_limit (Fixnum) —

    Set how many times we’ll retry a failed request. (Default 4)

  • :retry_interval (Fixnum) —

    Set how long to wait between retries. (Default 0)

  • :instrumentor (Class) —

    Responds to #instrument as in ActiveSupport::Notifications

  • :instrumentor_name (String) —

    Name prefix for #instrument events. Defaults to ‘excon’

  • :resolv_resolver (Resolv, nil) —

    A ready to use Resolv resolver instance.

  • :resolver_factory (Class) —

    Const of the resolver factory. Defaults to ‘Excon::ResolverFactory’



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 65

def initialize(params = {})
  @pid = Process.pid
  @data = Excon.defaults.dup
  # merge does not deep-dup, so make sure headers is not the original
  @data[:headers] = @data[:headers].dup

  # the same goes for :middlewares
  @data[:middlewares] = @data[:middlewares].dup

  @data.merge!(params)
  validate_params(:connection, @data, @data[:middlewares])

  if @data.key?(:host) && !@data.key?(:hostname)
    Excon.display_warning('hostname is missing! For IPv6 support, provide both host and hostname: Excon::Connection#new(:host => uri.host, :hostname => uri.hostname, ...).')
    @data[:hostname] = @data[:host]
  end

  setup_proxy

  if ENV.has_key?('EXCON_STANDARD_INSTRUMENTOR')
    @data[:instrumentor] = Excon::StandardInstrumentor
  end

  if @data[:debug] || ENV.has_key?('EXCON_DEBUG')
    @data[:debug_request] = @data[:debug_response] = true
    @data[:instrumentor] = Excon::StandardInstrumentor
  end

  if @data[:scheme] == UNIX
    # 'uri' >= v0.12.0 returns an empty string instead of nil for no host.
    # So treat the parameter as present if and only if it is both non-nill and non-empty.
    if @data[:host] && !@data[:host].empty?
      raise ArgumentError, "The `:host` parameter should not be set for `unix://` connections.\n" +
                           "When supplying a `unix://` URI, it should start with `unix:/` or `unix:///`."
    elsif !@data[:socket]
      raise ArgumentError, 'You must provide a `:socket` for `unix://` connections'
    else
      @socket_key = "#{@data[:scheme]}://#{@data[:socket]}"
    end
  else
    if @data.key?(:host) && @data[:host].nil?
      raise Excon::Error::InvalidParameter, "host is required for non-Unix connections; " \
                                            "the URL may be malformed (e.g. missing \"//\" after the scheme)"
    end
    @socket_key = "#{@data[:scheme]}://#{@data[:host]}#{port_string(@data)}"
  end
  reset
end

Instance Attribute Details

#data ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute data.



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 7

def data
  @data
end

Instance Method Details

#batch_requests(pipeline_params, limit = nil) ⇒ Object

Sends the supplied requests to the destination host using pipelining in batches of @limit [Numeric] requests. This is your soft file descriptor limit by default, typically 256.

Parameters:

  • pipeline_params (Array<Hash>) —

    An array of one or more optional params, override defaults set in Connection.new, see #request for details



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 367

def batch_requests(pipeline_params, limit = nil)
  limit ||= Process.respond_to?(:getrlimit) ? Process.getrlimit(:NOFILE).first : 256
  responses = []

  pipeline_params.each_slice(limit) do |params|
    responses.concat(requests(params))
  end

  responses
end

#connection ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 9

def connection
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#connection is deprecated use Excon::Connection#data instead.')
  @data
end

#connection=(new_params) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 13

def connection=(new_params)
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#connection= is deprecated. Use of this method may cause unexpected results.')
  @data = new_params
end

#error_call(datum) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 114

def error_call(datum)
  if datum[:error]
    raise(datum[:error])
  end
end

#inspect ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 404

def inspect
  vars = instance_variables.inject({}) do |accum, var|
    accum.merge!(var.to_sym => instance_variable_get(var))
  end
  vars[:'@data'] = Utils.redact(vars[:'@data'])
  inspection = '#<Excon::Connection:'
  inspection += (object_id << 1).to_s(16)
  vars.each do |key, value|
    inspection += " #{key}=#{value.inspect}"
  end
  inspection += '>'
  inspection
end

#logger ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 36

def logger
  if @data[:instrumentor] && @data[:instrumentor].respond_to?(:logger)
    @data[:instrumentor].logger
  end
end

#logger=(logger) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 41

def logger=(logger)
  @data[:instrumentor] = Excon::LoggingInstrumentor
  @data[:logger] = logger
end

#params ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 18

def params
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#params is deprecated use Excon::Connection#data instead.')
  @data
end

#params=(new_params) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 22

def params=(new_params)
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#params= is deprecated. Use of this method may cause unexpected results.')
  @data = new_params
end

#proxy ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 27

def proxy
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#proxy is deprecated use Excon::Connection#data[:proxy] instead.')
  @data[:proxy]
end

#proxy=(new_proxy) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 31

def proxy=(new_proxy)
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#proxy= is deprecated. Use of this method may cause unexpected results.')
  @data[:proxy] = new_proxy
end

#request(params = {}) {|chunk| ... } ⇒ Object

Sends the supplied request to the destination host.

Parameters:

  • params (Hash<Symbol, >) (defaults to: {}) —

    One or more optional params, override defaults set in Connection.new

Options Hash (params):

  • :body (String) —

    text to be sent over a socket

  • :headers (Hash<Symbol, String>) —

    The default headers to supply in a request

  • :path (String) —

    appears after ‘scheme://host:port/’

  • :query (Hash) —

    appended to the ‘scheme://host:port/path/’ in the form of ‘?key=value’

Yields:

  • (chunk) —

    @see Response#self.parse



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 235

def request(params={}, &block)
  # @data has defaults, merge in new params to override
  datum = @data.merge(params)

  # Set the deadline for the current request in order to determine when we have run out of time.
  # Only set when a request timeout has been defined.
  if datum[:timeout]
    datum[:deadline] = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC) + datum[:timeout]
  end

  datum[:headers] = @data[:headers].merge(datum[:headers] || {})

  validate_params(:request, params, datum[:middlewares])
  # If the user passed in new middleware, we want to validate that the original connection parameters
  # are still valid with the provided middleware.
  if params[:middlewares]
    validate_params(:connection, @data, datum[:middlewares])
  end

  if datum[:user] || datum[:password]
    user, pass = Utils.unescape_uri(datum[:user].to_s), Utils.unescape_uri(datum[:password].to_s)
    datum[:headers]['Authorization'] ||= 'Basic ' + ["#{user}:#{pass}"].pack('m').delete(Excon::CR_NL)
  end

  host_key = datum[:headers].keys.detect {|k| k.casecmp?('Host') } || 'Host'
  if datum[:scheme] == UNIX
    datum[:headers][host_key] ||= ''
  else
    if datum[:host].nil?
      raise Excon::Error::InvalidParameter, "host is required for non-Unix connections; " \
                                            "the URL may be malformed (e.g. missing \"//\" after the scheme)"
    end
    datum[:headers][host_key] ||= datum[:host] + port_string(datum)
  end

  # RFC 7230, section 5.4, states that the Host header SHOULD be the first one # to be present.
  # Some web servers will reject the request if it comes too late, so let's hoist it to the top.
  if (host = datum[:headers].delete(host_key))
    datum[:headers] = { host_key => host }.merge(datum[:headers])
  end

  # default to GET if no method specified
  unless datum[:method]
    datum[:method] = :get
  end

  # if path is empty or doesn't start with '/', insert one
  unless datum[:path][0, 1] == '/'
    datum[:path] = datum[:path].dup.insert(0, '/')
  end

  if block_given?
    Excon.display_warning('Excon requests with a block are deprecated, pass :response_block instead.')
    datum[:response_block] = block
  end

  datum[:connection] = self

  # cleanup data left behind on persistent connection after interrupt
  if datum[:persistent] && !@persistent_socket_reusable
    reset
  end

  datum[:stack] = datum[:middlewares].map do |middleware|
    lambda {|stack| middleware.new(stack)}
  end.reverse.inject(self) do |middlewares, middleware|
    middleware.call(middlewares)
  end
  datum = datum[:stack].request_call(datum)

  unless datum[:pipeline]
    @persistent_socket_reusable = false
    datum = response(datum)
    @persistent_socket_reusable = true

    if datum[:persistent]
      if (key = datum[:response][:headers].keys.detect {|k| k.casecmp?('Connection') })
        if datum[:response][:headers][key].casecmp?('close')
          reset
        end
      end
    else
      reset
    end

    Excon::Response.new(datum[:response])
  else
    datum
  end
rescue => error
  reset

  # If we didn't get far enough to initialize datum and the middleware stack, just raise
  raise error if !datum

  datum[:error] = error
  if datum[:stack]
    datum[:stack].error_call(datum)
  else
    raise error
  end
end

#request_call(datum) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 120

def request_call(datum)
  begin
    if datum.has_key?(:response)
      # we already have data from a middleware, so bail
      return datum
    else
      socket(datum).data = datum
      # start with "METHOD /path"
      request = datum[:method].to_s.upcase + ' '
      if datum[:proxy] && datum[:scheme] != HTTPS
        request << datum[:scheme] << '://' << datum[:host] << port_string(datum)
      end
      request << datum[:path]

      # add query to path, if there is one
      request << query_string(datum)

      # finish first line with "HTTP/1.1\r\n"
      request << HTTP_1_1

      if datum.has_key?(:request_block)
        datum[:headers]['Transfer-Encoding'] = 'chunked'
      else
        body = datum[:body].is_a?(String) ? StringIO.new(datum[:body]) : datum[:body]

        # The HTTP spec isn't clear on it, but specifically, GET requests don't usually send bodies;
        # if they don't, sending Content-Length:0 can cause issues.
        unless datum[:method].to_s.casecmp?('GET') && body.nil?
          unless datum[:headers].has_key?('Content-Length')
            datum[:headers]['Content-Length'] = detect_content_length(body)
          end
        end
      end

      # add headers to request
      request << Utils.headers_hash_to_s(datum[:headers])

      # add additional "\r\n" to indicate end of headers
      request << CR_NL

      if datum.has_key?(:request_block)
        socket(datum).write(request) # write out request + headers
        while true # write out body with chunked encoding
          chunk = datum[:request_block].call
          chunk = binary_encode(chunk)
          if chunk.length > 0
            socket(datum).write(chunk.length.to_s(16) << CR_NL << chunk << CR_NL)
          else
            socket(datum).write("0#{CR_NL}#{CR_NL}")
            break
          end
        end
      elsif body.nil?
        socket(datum).write(request) # write out request + headers
      else # write out body
        if body.respond_to?(:binmode) && !body.is_a?(StringIO)
          body.binmode
        end
        if body.respond_to?(:rewind)
          body.rewind  rescue nil
        end

        # if request + headers is less than chunk size, fill with body
        request = binary_encode(request)
        chunk = body.read([datum[:chunk_size] - request.length, 0].max)
        if chunk
          chunk = binary_encode(chunk)
          socket(datum).write(request << chunk)
        else
          socket(datum).write(request) # write out request + headers
        end

        while (chunk = body.read(datum[:chunk_size]))
          socket(datum).write(chunk)
        end
      end
    end
  rescue => error
    case error
    when Excon::Errors::InvalidHeaderKey, Excon::Errors::InvalidHeaderValue, Excon::Errors::StubNotFound, Excon::Errors::Timeout
      raise(error)
    when Errno::EPIPE
      # Read whatever remains in the pipe to aid in debugging
      response = socket.read rescue ""
      error = Excon::Error.new(response + error.message)
      raise_socket_error(error)
    else
      raise_socket_error(error)
    end
  end

  datum
end

#requests(pipeline_params) ⇒ Object

Sends the supplied requests to the destination host using pipelining.

Parameters:

  • pipeline_params (Array<Hash>) —

    An array of one or more optional params, override defaults set in Connection.new, see #request for details



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 340

def requests(pipeline_params)
  pipeline_params.each {|params| params.merge!(:pipeline => true, :persistent => true) }
  pipeline_params.last[:persistent] = @data[:persistent]

  responses = pipeline_params.map do |params|
    request(params)
  end.map do |datum|
    Excon::Response.new(response(datum)[:response])
  end

  if @data[:persistent]
    if (key = responses.last[:headers].keys.detect {|k| k.casecmp?('Connection') })
      if responses.last[:headers][key].casecmp?('close')
        reset
      end
    end
  else
    reset
  end

  responses
end

#reset ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 378

def reset
  if (old_socket = sockets.delete(@socket_key))
    old_socket.close rescue nil
  end
  @persistent_socket_reusable = true
end

#response_call(datum) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 214

def response_call(datum)
  # ensure response_block is yielded to and body is empty from middlewares
  if datum.has_key?(:response_block) && !(datum[:response][:body].nil? || datum[:response][:body].empty?)
    response_body = datum[:response][:body].dup
    datum[:response][:body] = ''
    content_length = remaining = response_body.bytesize
    while remaining > 0
      datum[:response_block].call(response_body.slice!(0, [datum[:chunk_size], remaining].min), [remaining - datum[:chunk_size], 0].max, content_length)
      remaining -= datum[:chunk_size]
    end
  end
  datum
end

#retry_limit ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 399

def retry_limit
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#retry_limit is deprecated, use Excon::Connection#data[:retry_limit].')
  @data[:retry_limit] ||= DEFAULT_RETRY_LIMIT
end

#retry_limit=(new_retry_limit) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 394

def retry_limit=(new_retry_limit)
  Excon.display_warning('Excon::Connection#retry_limit= is deprecated, pass :retry_limit to the initializer.')
  @data[:retry_limit] = new_retry_limit
end

#valid_request_keys(middlewares) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/excon/connection.rb', line 418

def valid_request_keys(middlewares)
  valid_middleware_keys(middlewares) + Excon::VALID_REQUEST_KEYS
end