Class: Capybara::Lightpanda::Browser

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Extended by:
Forwardable
Defined in:
lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(options = {}) ⇒ Browser

Returns a new instance of Browser.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 26

def initialize(options = {})
  @options = Options.new(options)
  @process = nil
  @client = nil
  @target_id = nil
  @session_id = nil
  @browser_context_id = nil
  @started = false
  @page_events_enabled = false
  @modal_messages = []
  @modal_handler_installed = false
  @frame_stack = []
  @frames = Concurrent::Hash.new
  @turbo_event = Utils::Event.new
  @turbo_event.set

  start
end

Instance Attribute Details

#browser_context_id ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute browser_context_id.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def browser_context_id
  @browser_context_id
end

#client ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute client.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def client
  @client
end

#frame_stack ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute frame_stack.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def frame_stack
  @frame_stack
end

#options ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute options.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def options
  @options
end

#process ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute process.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def process
  @process
end

#session_id ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute session_id.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def session_id
  @session_id
end

#target_id ⇒ Object (readonly)

Returns the value of attribute target_id.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 11

def target_id
  @target_id
end

Instance Method Details

#accept_modal(_type, text: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 582

def accept_modal(_type, text: nil)
  prepare_modals
  params = { accept: true }
  params[:promptText] = text if text
  page_command("LP.handleJavaScriptDialog", **params)
end

#active_element ⇒ Object

objectId of document.activeElement, or nil if none/document detached.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 407

def active_element
  result = evaluate_with_ref("document.activeElement")
  result&.dig("objectId")
end

#at_css(selector) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 424

def at_css(selector)
  result = page_command("DOM.querySelector", nodeId: document_node_id, selector: selector)

  result["nodeId"]
end

#back ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 219

def back
  wait_for_navigation { execute("history.back()") }
end

#backend_node_id(remote_object_id) ⇒ Object

Resolve an objectId to its stable per-page backendNodeId. objectIds are transient (re-issued per Runtime call) but backendNodeId is stable, so this is what we compare for cross-query node equality.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 415

def backend_node_id(remote_object_id)
  page_command("DOM.describeNode", objectId: remote_object_id).dig("node", "backendNodeId")
end

#body ⇒ Object Also known as: html 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 240

def body
  # Guard against the brief window after a fresh BrowserContext / target
  # is created where the V8 context exists but `document.documentElement`
  # is still null. Hit by Capybara's `#reset_session! resets page body`
  # spec since the 0.2.0 Ferrum-style reset rewrite.
  evaluate("(document.documentElement && document.documentElement.outerHTML) || ''")
end

#call_function_on(remote_object_id, function_declaration, *args, return_by_value: true) ⇒ Object

Call a function on a remote object via Runtime.callFunctionOn. Binds ‘this` to the DOM element referenced by remote_object_id.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 354

def call_function_on(remote_object_id, function_declaration, *args, return_by_value: true)
  params = {
    objectId: remote_object_id,
    functionDeclaration: function_declaration,
    returnByValue: return_by_value,
    awaitPromise: true,
  }
  params[:arguments] = args.map { |a| serialize_argument(a) } unless args.empty?

  response = page_command("Runtime.callFunctionOn", **params)
  if response["exceptionDetails"]
    debug_js_failure("call_function_on", function_declaration, response)
    raise JavaScriptError, response
  end

  result = response["result"]
  return nil if result["type"] == "undefined"

  return_by_value ? result["value"] : result
end

#clear_frames ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 537

def clear_frames
  @frame_stack.clear
end

#command(method, **params) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 159

def command(method, **params)
  @client.command(method, params)
end

#cookies ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 512

def cookies
  @cookies ||= Cookies.new(self)
end

#create_browser_context ⇒ Object

Per-session BrowserContext (Chrome’s incognito-profile primitive). Cookies, storage, and targets created within the context are wiped when it’s disposed — so ‘reset` is one CDP call instead of an explicit cookies.clear / storage.clear / close-target dance. Mirrors ferrum’s Contexts model.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 67

def create_browser_context
  result = @client.command("Target.createBrowserContext")
  @browser_context_id = result["browserContextId"]
end

#create_page ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 72

def create_page
  result = @client.command("Target.createTarget",
                           { url: "about:blank", browserContextId: @browser_context_id }.compact)
  @target_id = result["targetId"]

  attach_result = @client.command("Target.attachToTarget", { targetId: @target_id, flatten: true })
  @session_id = attach_result["sessionId"]

  @frames.clear
  @turbo_event.set
  subscribe_to_console_logs
  subscribe_to_execution_context
  subscribe_to_frame_events
  subscribe_to_turbo_signals
  register_auto_scripts
end

#css(selector) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 419

def css(selector)
  node_ids = page_command("DOM.querySelectorAll", nodeId: document_node_id, selector: selector)
  node_ids["nodeIds"] || []
end

#current_url ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 232

def current_url
  evaluate("window.location.href")
end

#debug_js_failure(site, expression, response) ⇒ Object

When LIGHTPANDA_DEBUG=1 is set, log the JS expression and full CDP response for every JsException to STDERR. Invaluable for isolating which exact JS triggers an upstream Lightpanda bug.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 311

def debug_js_failure(site, expression, response)
  return unless ENV["LIGHTPANDA_DEBUG"]

  warn "[lightpanda:#{site}] expression:\n#{expression}\n[lightpanda:#{site}] response:\n#{response.inspect}\n"
end

#dismiss_modal(_type) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 589

def dismiss_modal(_type)
  prepare_modals
  page_command("LP.handleJavaScriptDialog", accept: false)
end

#enable_page_events ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 192

def enable_page_events
  return if @page_events_enabled

  page_command("Page.enable")
  @page_events_enabled = true
end

#evaluate(expression, *args) ⇒ Object

Evaluate JS and return a serialized value. No-args fast path uses Runtime.evaluate; with args we wrap as a function and dispatch via Runtime.callFunctionOn so ‘arguments` is bound. Both paths use `returnByValue: false` and unwrap so DOM-node returns come back as `{ “lightpanda_node” => … }` for the Driver to wrap.

Even the no-args path wraps the expression in an IIFE to isolate top-level ‘const`/`let` declarations. Upstream Lightpanda retains those bindings across `Runtime.evaluate` calls (V8 starts each call with fresh lexical scope per spec), so a second `const sel = …` raises `SyntaxError: Identifier ’sel’ has already been declared`. Wrapping pushes the declarations into a function scope that gets discarded when the IIFE returns.

Use direct ‘eval` inside the IIFE so the user’s text can be a bare expression (‘’foo’‘), a `throw` statement, OR a multi-statement script with `const`/`let`. `eval`’s completion-value semantics return the last expression’s value in all cases. A naive ‘return EXPR;` wrap would syntax-error on `throw …` and on multi-statement scripts.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 269

def evaluate(expression, *args)
  if args.empty?
    wrapped = "(function(){return eval(#{expression.to_json})})()"
    response = page_command("Runtime.evaluate", expression: wrapped, returnByValue: false, awaitPromise: true)
    if response["exceptionDetails"]
      debug_js_failure("evaluate", expression, response)
      raise JavaScriptError, response
    end

    return unwrap_call_result(response["result"])
  end

  wrapped = "function() { return #{expression} }"
  call_with_args(wrapped, args)
end

#evaluate_async(expression, *args, wait: @options.timeout) ⇒ Object

Evaluate async JS with a callback. The user’s script receives the callback as its last argument (‘arguments[arguments.length - 1]`), matching Capybara’s evaluate_async_script contract.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 320

def evaluate_async(expression, *args, wait: @options.timeout)
  timeout_ms = (wait * 1000).to_i
  wrapped = <<~JS
    function() {
      var __args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
      return new Promise(function(__resolve, __reject) {
        var __timer = setTimeout(function() {
          __reject(new Error('Async script timeout after #{timeout_ms}ms'));
        }, #{timeout_ms});
        var __done = function(val) { clearTimeout(__timer); __resolve(val); };
        __args.push(__done);
        (function() { #{expression} }).apply(null, __args);
      });
    }
  JS
  call_with_args(wrapped, args)
end

#evaluate_with_ref(expression) ⇒ Object

Evaluate JS and return a RemoteObject reference (for DOM nodes, arrays).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 339

def evaluate_with_ref(expression)
  response = page_command("Runtime.evaluate", expression: expression, returnByValue: false, awaitPromise: true)
  if response["exceptionDetails"]
    debug_js_failure("evaluate_with_ref", expression, response)
    raise JavaScriptError, response
  end

  result = response["result"]
  return nil if result["type"] == "undefined"

  result
end

#execute(expression, *args) ⇒ Object

Execute JS without returning a value.

Like ‘evaluate`, the no-args path wraps in an IIFE — same upstream `const`/`let` leak. Also raises on JS exceptions so silent failures don’t mask test bugs (the previous fast path swallowed them because ‘awaitPromise: false` was checked but `exceptionDetails` was not).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 292

def execute(expression, *args)
  if args.empty?
    wrapped = "(function(){#{expression}})()"
    response = page_command("Runtime.evaluate", expression: wrapped, returnByValue: false, awaitPromise: false)
    if response["exceptionDetails"]
      debug_js_failure("execute", expression, response)
      raise JavaScriptError, response
    end
    return nil
  end

  wrapped = "function() { #{expression} }"
  call_with_args(wrapped, args, return_by_value: false)
  nil
end

#find(method, selector) ⇒ Object

Find elements in the current context (top frame or active frame). Returns an array of remote object ID strings.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 389

def find(method, selector)
  if @frame_stack.empty?
    find_in_document(method, selector)
  else
    find_in_frame(method, selector)
  end
end

#find_modal(type, text: nil, wait: options.timeout) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 594

def find_modal(type, text: nil, wait: options.timeout)
  regexp = text.is_a?(Regexp) ? text : (text && Regexp.new(Regexp.escape(text.to_s)))
  deadline = monotonic_time + wait
  last_message = nil
  loop do
    msg = @modal_messages.find { |m| m[:type] == type.to_s }
    if msg
      last_message = msg[:message]
      if regexp.nil? || last_message.match?(regexp)
        @modal_messages.delete(msg)
        return last_message
      end
    end
    break if monotonic_time > deadline

    sleep 0.05
  end
  raise_modal_not_found(text, last_message)
end

#find_within(remote_object_id, method, selector) ⇒ Object

Find child elements within a specific node. Returns an array of remote object ID strings.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 399

def find_within(remote_object_id, method, selector)
  result = call_function_on(remote_object_id, FIND_WITHIN_JS, method, selector, return_by_value: false)
  extract_node_object_ids(result)
rescue JavaScriptError => e
  raise_invalid_selector(e, method, selector)
end

#forward ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 223

def forward
  wait_for_navigation { execute("history.forward()") }
end

#frame_by(id: nil, name: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 552

def frame_by(id: nil, name: nil)
  if id
    @frames[id]
  elsif name
    @frames.each_value.find { |f| f.name == name }
  end
end

#frames ⇒ Object

All frames currently attached to the page (main frame + iframes).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 542

def frames
  @frames.values
end

#get_object_properties(remote_object_id) ⇒ Object

Get properties of a remote object (used to extract array elements).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 376

def get_object_properties(remote_object_id)
  page_command("Runtime.getProperties", objectId: remote_object_id, ownProperties: true)
end

#go_to(url, wait: true, retried: false) ⇒ Object Also known as: goto

Navigation with readyState fallback.

Lightpanda may never fire Page.loadEventFired on complex JS pages (lightpanda-io/browser#1801, #1832). When the event times out, we poll document.readyState as a fallback.

Page.navigate is sent asynchronously because Lightpanda may not return the command result until the page is fully loaded (unlike Chrome which returns immediately with frameId/loaderId). If we waited synchronously, the readyState fallback would never be reached on pages that fail to fully load.

Uses a single shared deadline so the worst-case wait is 1x timeout, not 2x (lightpanda-io/browser#1849).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 181

def go_to(url, wait: true, retried: false)
  enable_page_events

  if wait
    wait_for_page_load(url, retried: retried)
  else
    page_command("Page.navigate", url: url)
  end
end

#keyboard ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 504

def keyboard
  @keyboard ||= Keyboard.new(self)
end

#main_frame ⇒ Object

The top-level frame, or nil if it hasn’t been registered yet (events arrive asynchronously after Page.enable).



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 548

def main_frame
  @frames.each_value.find(&:main?)
end

#network ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 508

def network
  @network ||= Network.new(self)
end

#nightly_build ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 22

def nightly_build
  @process&.nightly_build
end

#page_command(method, **params) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 163

def page_command(method, **params)
  @client.command(method, params, session_id: @session_id)
end

#pop_frame ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 533

def pop_frame
  @frame_stack.pop
end

#prepare_modals ⇒ Object

– Modal/Dialog Support – Lightpanda’s JS dialogs (alert/confirm/prompt) are driven via the ‘LP.handleJavaScriptDialog` pre-arm model (PR #2261, nightly ≥5900): the client sends `LP.handleJavaScriptDialog promptText` BEFORE the action that triggers the dialog, and the response is consumed when the dialog opens. `Page.javascriptDialogOpening` still fires, so we capture the message text for `find_modal`. Single-shot: `pending_dialog_response` is one slot, so a second pre-arm before the first dialog opens overwrites the first.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 570

def prepare_modals
  return if @modal_handler_installed

  enable_page_events

  on("Page.javascriptDialogOpening") do |params|
    @modal_messages << { type: params["type"], message: params["message"] }
  end

  @modal_handler_installed = true
end

#push_frame(node) ⇒ Object

– Frame Support – Two parallel views of frames:

* `frame_stack` (Array<Node>) — the Capybara `switch_to_frame` stack;
  drives where `find` resolves selectors. Stored as Nodes so
  callFunctionOn can scope to the iframe's contentDocument.

* `@frames` (Concurrent::Hash<String, Frame>) — metadata view
  populated from Page.frame{Attached,Navigated,Detached,...} events.
  Used for diagnostics / introspection (frames, main_frame, frame_by).
  Lightpanda's frame events are not reliable enough to drive
  navigation waits, so this is read-only metadata.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 529

def push_frame(node)
  @frame_stack.push(node)
end

#quit ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 138

def quit
  begin
    @client&.close
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
  begin
    @process&.stop
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
  @client = nil
  @process = nil
  @started = false
  @browser_context_id = nil
  @target_id = nil
  @session_id = nil
  @modal_handler_installed = false
  @frame_stack.clear
end

#reconnect ⇒ Object

Recover after a WebSocket disconnect or process crash during navigation. Restarts the process if it died, then creates a fresh client and page.

Raises:



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 123

def reconnect
  close_client_silently
  restart_process_if_dead

  ws_url = @options.ws_url? ? @options.ws_url : @process&.ws_url
  raise DeadBrowserError, "Cannot reconnect: no WebSocket URL" unless ws_url

  @client = Client.new(ws_url, @options)
  # Process may have died; the old browserContextId is gone with it.
  @browser_context_id = nil
  create_browser_context
  create_page
  @page_events_enabled = false
end

#refresh ⇒ Object Also known as: reload 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 227

def refresh
  wait_for_navigation { page_command("Page.reload") }
end

#release_object(remote_object_id) ⇒ Object

Release a remote object reference to free V8 memory.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 381

def release_object(remote_object_id)
  page_command("Runtime.releaseObject", objectId: remote_object_id)
rescue BrowserError
  # Object may already be released or context destroyed
end

#reset ⇒ Object

Wipe per-session state — cookies, storage, all targets — and start over with a fresh BrowserContext. Mirrors ferrum’s Browser#reset: one CDP call (‘Target.disposeBrowserContext`) does the work that would otherwise require explicit cookies.clear / storage.clear / close-target dance, and the browser auto-isolates state for the new context. Driver#reset! delegates here.

Side benefit: avoids ‘Page.navigate(“about:blank”)` against a non-blank tab, which doesn’t actually replace the document on current Lightpanda nightly (lightpanda-io/browser#2363). The context-disposal path sidesteps that bug entirely.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 105

def reset
  dispose_browser_context
  @client.clear_subscriptions
  @page_events_enabled = false
  @modal_handler_installed = false
  @modal_messages.clear
  @frame_stack.clear
  # Network#reset, not #clear: disposing the BrowserContext also
  # destroyed the Network domain and its subscriptions, so we must
  # flip @enabled back to false — otherwise the next #enable
  # short-circuits and traffic tracking is silently dead.
  @network&.reset
  create_browser_context
  create_page
end

#reset_modals ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 614

def reset_modals
  @modal_messages.clear
end

#restart ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 89

def restart
  quit
  start
end

#screenshot(path: nil, format: :png, quality: nil, full_page: false, encoding: :binary) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 430

def screenshot(path: nil, format: :png, quality: nil, full_page: false, encoding: :binary)
  params = { format: format.to_s }
  params[:quality] = quality if quality && format == :jpeg

  if full_page
    metrics = page_command("Page.getLayoutMetrics")
    content_size = metrics["contentSize"]

    params[:clip] = {
      x: 0,
      y: 0,
      width: content_size["width"],
      height: content_size["height"],
      scale: 1,
    }
  end

  result = page_command("Page.captureScreenshot", **params)
  data = result["data"]

  if encoding == :base64
    data
  else
    decoded = Base64.decode64(data)

    if path
      File.binwrite(path, decoded)
      path
    else
      decoded
    end
  end
end

#start ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 45

def start
  return if @started

  if @options.ws_url?
    @client = Client.new(@options.ws_url, @options)
  else
    @process = Process.new(@options)
    @process.start
    @client = Client.new(@process.ws_url, @options)
  end

  create_browser_context
  create_page

  @started = true
end

#title ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 236

def title
  evaluate("document.title")
end

#version ⇒ Object

Lightpanda binary version (e.g. “lightpanda 0.2.9 nightly.5267”) and parsed nightly build number, captured at Process startup. nil when the gem is connecting to an externally-managed Lightpanda via ws_url.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 18

def version
  @process&.version
end

#wait_for_default_context(timeout = 1.0) ⇒ Object

Block up to ‘timeout` seconds for a default V8 execution context to exist. Returns true if available (immediately or after waiting), false if the timeout elapses with no executionContextCreated event.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 202

def wait_for_default_context(timeout = 1.0)
  @default_context_event.wait(timeout)
end

#wait_for_idle ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 489

def wait_for_idle
  prior_context_iteration = @default_context_event.iteration
  sniff_deadline = monotonic_time + SNIFF_WINDOW
  loop do
    break if @default_context_event.iteration > prior_context_iteration
    break unless @turbo_event.set?
    break if monotonic_time > sniff_deadline

    sleep 0.001
  end

  @default_context_event.wait(@options.timeout)
  @turbo_event.wait(@options.timeout)
end

#wait_for_turbo ⇒ Object

Wait for any pending Turbo operations to complete. Event-driven: the injected JS in index.js calls ‘console.debug(’__lightpanda_turbo_busy’)‘ when the pending-ops counter rises above 0 and `_idle` when it returns to 0. We toggle @turbo_event accordingly (see subscribe_to_turbo_signals).

Pages without Turbo never trigger _turboStart, so no sentinels fire and for Turbo-loaded pages that have no pending work.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 472

def wait_for_turbo
  @turbo_event.wait(@options.timeout)
end

#with_default_context_wait(timeout: 1.0, attempts: 3) ⇒ Object

Run the block; if it raises NoExecutionContextError (the navigation race window — lightpanda-io/browser#2187), wait for the next default context to be signaled by Runtime.executionContextCreated, then retry. Up to ‘attempts` total tries; defaults to 3, can be bumped for stubborn flakes. Each retry blocks up to `timeout` seconds for the executionContextCreated signal — no blind sleeps.



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# File 'lib/capybara/lightpanda/browser.rb', line 212

def with_default_context_wait(timeout: 1.0, attempts: 3)
  Utils::Attempt.with_retry(errors: NoExecutionContextError, max: attempts, wait: 0) do
    wait_for_default_context(timeout)
    yield
  end
end